Segenet Kelemu is an Ethiopian plant pathologist. She is the Director General of the International Center for Insect Physiology and Ecology in Nairobi. She won the L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science in 2014 for her research on how microorganisms living in symbiosis with forage grasses can improve their capacity to resist disease and adapt to environmental and climate change. Her work was said to be providing solutions for ecologically responsible food crop production, especially by local, small-scale farmers.