Ramanlal C. Mehta was a musician and musicologist from India. He was born on October 31, 1918 at Surat in the state of Gujarat. He received formal training in Hindustani classical vocal music from Kanchalal Manawala and Kirana style of the Late Ustad Abdul Waheed Khan. He served AIR during the period 1945�¢??1953. He has given several concerts at All India Radio also. Then he became Principal at Baroda Music College. He has also composed and produced above fifty musical dramas.

He retired in 1978, from the MS University of Baroda, as Principal of the College of Indian Music, Dance & Dramatics. He has received numerous awards and honours including - Padma Bhushan (2009), Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship (2008), Pt. Omkar Nath Thakur Award (2010), Sarangadeva Fellowship by Sursingar Samsad (1988), 'Shrestha Sangeeracharya'� Award by Pt. Bhatkhande Institute of Music and Musicology (1993), State Award for Music by the Govt. of Gujarat (1978) and Emeritus Fellowship of the Ministry of Education and Culture, Govt. of India (1983). He has also received an honorary degree of Doctor of Music by the Akhil Bharatiya Ghandarva Mahavidyalaya Mandal (1967). A distinguished vocalist of the Kirana Gharana Style, he has developed his own style in Khyal and Thumri.� 

He is a well known author and critic. A few of his books on music include - Agra-Parampara, Gayaki Aur Chizen, Sangeet Charcha and Gujarati Geya Kavita. His research books on music include - Music and Mythology, Thumri-Traditions and Trends, Composition in Indian Music, Perspectives on Dhrupad, Music Research-Perspectives and Prospects-Reference Indian Music , Indian Music - Eminent Thinkers On Core Issues, A Directory of Doctoral Theses in Music and Indian Classical Music & Gharana Tradition. Editor of the Journal of the Indian Musicological Society, Member on the Central Music Audition Board of AIR and General Secretary of Indian Musicological Society are the posts held by R. C. Mehta. In 2009, he received the Padma Bhushan Award.